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Networking
15 years ago
Monday 27 July 2009
Wednesday 22 July 2009
steps on how to network a group of computers
Choose a Network AddressAny network address will do for this purpose, so long as you understand the basics of how IPv4 works as explained below.IPv4 (IP ver. 4) addresses are written like this: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx (four number groups separated by three dots), in all RFC-1166 compliant countries. Each number ranges from 0 to 255. This is known as "Dotted Decimal Notation" or "Dot Notation" for short. The address is divided into two portions: the network portion and the host portion.For "Classful" networks, the network and host portions are as follows:("n" represents the network portion, "x" represents the host portion)When the first number is 0 to 127 - nnn.xxx.xxx.xxx (ex. 10.xxx.xxx.xxx)These are known as "Class A" networks.When the first number is 128 to 191 - nnn.nnn.xxx.xxx (ex. 172.16.xxx.xxx)These are known as "Class B" networks.When the first number is 192 to 223 - nnn.nnn.nnn.xxx (ex. 192.168.1.xxx)These are known as "Class C" networks.When the first number is 224 to 239 - The address is used for multi-casting.When the first number is 240 to 255 - The address is "experimental".Multicast & Experimental addresses are beyond the scope of this article. However, because IPv4 does not treat them the same way as other addresses they should not be used.For simplicity "non-classful networks" and sub-netting will not be discussed, as we will be connecting only two devices. If you wish to connect additional devices, see How to Set up a Private Network after reading this article.The network portion specifies a network; the host portion specifies an individual device on a network.For any given network:The range of all possible host portion numbers gives the Address Range.(ex. 172.16.xxx.xxx the range is 172.16.0.0 to 172.16.255.255)The lowest possible address is the Network Address.(ex. 172.16.xxx.xxx the network address is 172.16.0.0)This address is used by devices to specify the network itself, and cannot be assigned to any device.The highest possible address is the Broadcast Address.(ex. 172.16.xxx.xxx the broadcast address is 172.16.255.255)This address is used when a packet is meant for all devices on a specific network, and cannot be assigned to any device.The remaining numbers in the range are the Host Range.(ex. 172.16.xxx.xxx the host range is 172.16.0.1 to 172.16.255.254)These are the numbers you can assign to computers, printers, and other devices.Host Addresses are individual addresses within this range.Connect the two computers together.To connect with a Crossover cable, simply plug an end of the cable into the Ethernet Port of each computer.To connect with a Hub or Switch, use two straight through cables to connect each computer to the switch or hub.See "Things you will need" section for more information on "Straight Through" -vs- "Cross-Over" Cables.Configure the computers for networking.Go to internet options (this varies depending on the Operating System), and go to the dialog box that lets you change the TCP/IP protocol. Change the radio buttons from "Obtain from DHCP server automatically" to "Use the following IP address:".Give each computer a different address from the host range. Do not use the network address or the broadcast address.Leave the "Default Gateway" and "DNS server" fields blank.For the subnet mask, use the following:Class "A" NetworksWhen the first number is 0 to 127The Mask is - 255.0.0.0Class "B" NetworksWhen the first number is 128 to 191The Mask is - 255.255.0.0Class "C" NetworksWhen the first number is 192 to 223The Mask is - 255.255.255.0IPv4 originally used the first number (ex. 192) to determine which part of the address is network and which part is host based on the address class. However, the advent of subnetting and nonclassful networking made it necessary to provide a mask because other ways of dividing the address into network and host portions are now possible.(More information in the Important Notes section.)Verify connectivity.The simplest way to do this is with Ping. Bring up MS-DOS or the equivalent on other OS's, (In Windows open the command prompt which is located in the Start Menu - Accessories - Command Prompt) and type in: "ping [insert IP address of the other computer here] (ex. 192.168.1.1). If you cannot reach the other computers address, read over the steps again or contact a professional.
Choose a Network AddressAny network address will do for this purpose, so long as you understand the basics of how IPv4 works as explained below.IPv4 (IP ver. 4) addresses are written like this: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx (four number groups separated by three dots), in all RFC-1166 compliant countries. Each number ranges from 0 to 255. This is known as "Dotted Decimal Notation" or "Dot Notation" for short. The address is divided into two portions: the network portion and the host portion.For "Classful" networks, the network and host portions are as follows:("n" represents the network portion, "x" represents the host portion)When the first number is 0 to 127 - nnn.xxx.xxx.xxx (ex. 10.xxx.xxx.xxx)These are known as "Class A" networks.When the first number is 128 to 191 - nnn.nnn.xxx.xxx (ex. 172.16.xxx.xxx)These are known as "Class B" networks.When the first number is 192 to 223 - nnn.nnn.nnn.xxx (ex. 192.168.1.xxx)These are known as "Class C" networks.When the first number is 224 to 239 - The address is used for multi-casting.When the first number is 240 to 255 - The address is "experimental".Multicast & Experimental addresses are beyond the scope of this article. However, because IPv4 does not treat them the same way as other addresses they should not be used.For simplicity "non-classful networks" and sub-netting will not be discussed, as we will be connecting only two devices. If you wish to connect additional devices, see How to Set up a Private Network after reading this article.The network portion specifies a network; the host portion specifies an individual device on a network.For any given network:The range of all possible host portion numbers gives the Address Range.(ex. 172.16.xxx.xxx the range is 172.16.0.0 to 172.16.255.255)The lowest possible address is the Network Address.(ex. 172.16.xxx.xxx the network address is 172.16.0.0)This address is used by devices to specify the network itself, and cannot be assigned to any device.The highest possible address is the Broadcast Address.(ex. 172.16.xxx.xxx the broadcast address is 172.16.255.255)This address is used when a packet is meant for all devices on a specific network, and cannot be assigned to any device.The remaining numbers in the range are the Host Range.(ex. 172.16.xxx.xxx the host range is 172.16.0.1 to 172.16.255.254)These are the numbers you can assign to computers, printers, and other devices.Host Addresses are individual addresses within this range.Connect the two computers together.To connect with a Crossover cable, simply plug an end of the cable into the Ethernet Port of each computer.To connect with a Hub or Switch, use two straight through cables to connect each computer to the switch or hub.See "Things you will need" section for more information on "Straight Through" -vs- "Cross-Over" Cables.Configure the computers for networking.Go to internet options (this varies depending on the Operating System), and go to the dialog box that lets you change the TCP/IP protocol. Change the radio buttons from "Obtain from DHCP server automatically" to "Use the following IP address:".Give each computer a different address from the host range. Do not use the network address or the broadcast address.Leave the "Default Gateway" and "DNS server" fields blank.For the subnet mask, use the following:Class "A" NetworksWhen the first number is 0 to 127The Mask is - 255.0.0.0Class "B" NetworksWhen the first number is 128 to 191The Mask is - 255.255.0.0Class "C" NetworksWhen the first number is 192 to 223The Mask is - 255.255.255.0IPv4 originally used the first number (ex. 192) to determine which part of the address is network and which part is host based on the address class. However, the advent of subnetting and nonclassful networking made it necessary to provide a mask because other ways of dividing the address into network and host portions are now possible.(More information in the Important Notes section.)Verify connectivity.The simplest way to do this is with Ping. Bring up MS-DOS or the equivalent on other OS's, (In Windows open the command prompt which is located in the Start Menu - Accessories - Command Prompt) and type in: "ping [insert IP address of the other computer here] (ex. 192.168.1.1). If you cannot reach the other computers address, read over the steps again or contact a professional.
Tuesday 21 July 2009
1st step in networking
Your first step into the world of computer networking
No experience required
Includes clear and easily understood explanations
Makes learning easy
Your first step to computer networking begins here!
Learn basic networking terminology
Understand how information is routed from place to place
Explore Internet connectivity secrets
Protect your computer from intrusion
Build local-area networks (LANs)
Welcome to the world of networking!
Networking and the Internet touch our lives in untold ways every day. From connecting our computers together at home and surfing the net at high speeds to editing and sharing digital music and video, computer networking has become both ubiquitous and indispensable.
No experience needed!
Computer Networking First-Step explains the basics of computer networking in easy-to-grasp language that all of us can understand. This book takes you on a guided tour of the core technologies that make up network and Internet traffic. Whether you are looking to take your first step into a career in networking or are interested in just gaining a conversational knowledge of the technology, this book is for you!
No experience required
Includes clear and easily understood explanations
Makes learning easy
Your first step to computer networking begins here!
Learn basic networking terminology
Understand how information is routed from place to place
Explore Internet connectivity secrets
Protect your computer from intrusion
Build local-area networks (LANs)
Welcome to the world of networking!
Networking and the Internet touch our lives in untold ways every day. From connecting our computers together at home and surfing the net at high speeds to editing and sharing digital music and video, computer networking has become both ubiquitous and indispensable.
No experience needed!
Computer Networking First-Step explains the basics of computer networking in easy-to-grasp language that all of us can understand. This book takes you on a guided tour of the core technologies that make up network and Internet traffic. Whether you are looking to take your first step into a career in networking or are interested in just gaining a conversational knowledge of the technology, this book is for you!
Saturday 18 July 2009
Wednesday 8 July 2009
inspiring dah?
Follow Your Dreams
I have spread my dreams beneath your feet. Tread softly because you tread on my dreams.
W.B. Yeats
Go confidently in the direction of your dreams. Live the life you have imagined.
Go confidently in the direction of your dreams. Live the life you have imagined.
Henry David Thoreau
All men dream but not equally. Those who dream by night in the dusty recesses of their minds wake in the day to find that it was vanity; but the dreamers of the day are dangerous men, for they may act their dream with open eyes to make it possible.
All men dream but not equally. Those who dream by night in the dusty recesses of their minds wake in the day to find that it was vanity; but the dreamers of the day are dangerous men, for they may act their dream with open eyes to make it possible.
T.E. Lawrence
The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams.Eleanor Roosevelt
I like the dreams of the future better than the history of the past.Patrick Henry
Hold fast to dreams, for if dreams die, life is a broken winged bird that cannot fly.
Hold fast to dreams, for if dreams die, life is a broken winged bird that cannot fly.
Lanston Hughes
qoutesssss.....
Happiness Quotes
There is only one way to happiness, and that is to cease worrying things which are beyond the power of our will.
'Epictetus''
When one door of happiness closes, another opens, but often we look so long at the closed door that we do not see the one that has been opened for us.
'Helen Keller'
Happiness does not consist in pastimes and amusements but in virtuous activities.
'Aristotle'
Monday 6 July 2009
Wednesday 1 July 2009
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